Y07W04VC Theme Words — Climate change
This module focuses on vocabulary connected to the theme of Climate change. The words in this set are used when discussing environmental systems, scientific evidence, and human and policy responses to a changing climate. Many of these terms appear in science journalism, reports and academic writing. Developing fluency with this vocabulary helps students engage critically with one of the most pressing challenges facing the world today.
Word in Context (Theme: Climate change)
These three words connect to the theme of Climate change. As you read, notice how each word helps you discuss this topic with more precise, thoughtful language.
emission
/ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/
e‑mis‑sion
noun
The release or discharge of a substance, especially gas, into the atmosphere or environment.
Word family: emissions (n. plural), emitted (v.)
Example: Carbon dioxide emissions from cars and factories contribute to climate change.
Synonyms: discharge, release, output
Collocations: carbon emissions, greenhouse gas emissions, reduce emissions
consequence
/ˈkɒn.sɪ.kwəns/
con‑se‑quence
noun
A result, effect, or outcome that follows from an action or cause.
Word family: consequences (n. plural), consequential (adj.)
Example: One major consequence of climate change is rising sea levels, which threatens coastal communities.
Synonyms: result, effect, outcome
Collocations: major consequence, serious consequence, unintended consequence
sustainable
/səˈsteɪ.nə.bəl/
sus‑tain‑a‑ble
adjective
Able to be maintained or continued long-term without depleting resources or causing environmental damage.
Word family: sustainability (n.), sustainably (adv.)
Example: Sustainable farming practices protect soil and reduce the need for harmful chemicals.
Synonyms: renewable, eco-friendly, responsible
Collocations: sustainable development, sustainable practices, sustainable energy
Academic Vocab
assume
/əˈsuːm/
as‑sume
verb | [assume – assumed – assumed]
To suppose or believe that something is true without having proof; to take on a role or responsibility.
Word family: assumes (v.), assumption (n.), assumed (adj.)
Example: We should not assume that climate change will fix itself without human action.
Synonyms: suppose, believe, presume
Collocations: assume that, assume responsibility, reasonable assumption
environment
/ɪnˈvaɪ.rən.mənt/
en‑vi‑ron‑ment
noun
The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives; the natural world including air, water, and soil.
Word family: environments (n. plural), environmental (adj.), environmentally (adv.)
Example: Protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility.
Synonyms: surroundings, habitat, ecosystem
Collocations: natural environment, environmental damage, environmental policy
benefit
/ˈben.ɪ.fɪt/
ben‑e‑fit
noun
An advantage, profit, or positive effect that results from something.
Word family: benefits (n. plural), beneficial (adj.), benefit (v.)
Example: Renewable energy has many benefits, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Synonyms: advantage, profit, gain
Collocations: environmental benefit, long-term benefit, mutual benefit
evidence
/ˈev.ɪ.dəns/
ev‑i‑dence
noun
Facts, information, or signs that provide proof or support for a belief or claim.
Word family: evidential (adj.), evidently (adv.)
Example: Scientists have presented strong evidence that human activities are causing climate change.
Synonyms: proof, data, indication
Collocations: scientific evidence, strong evidence, clear evidence
concept
/ˈkɒn.sept/
con‑cept
noun
An idea, principle, or general notion that is understood or taught.
Word family: concepts (n. plural), conceptual (adj.)
Example: Understanding the concept of the greenhouse effect helps explain global warming.
Synonyms: idea, principle, notion
Collocations: key concept, basic concept, scientific concept
this implies
/ðɪs ɪmˈplaɪz/
this im‑plies
phrase (discourse marker)
A connecting phrase used to introduce what a statement suggests or indicates without saying it directly.
Example: Average global temperatures are rising each year. This implies that the planet is becoming warmer on average.
Synonyms: this suggests, this means, this indicates
Collocations: this implies that, which implies, strongly implies
Confusing Words
further vs farther
Further' and 'farther' are often confused because they sound very similar and both relate to distance or extent.
- farther — farther' is used when discussing actual physical distance — for example, 'Climate refugees may need to travel farther from their homes to find safe places to live.'
- further — further' is used for distance in a more abstract or non-physical sense, and also means 'to a greater extent' or 'additional' — for example, 'We need to conduct further research on the effects of climate change.' or 'I want to discuss this issue further.'
Memory rule: A quick way to keep them apart: farther = physical distance; further = abstract distance or 'to a greater extent'.
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